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correctional psychology
Correctional psychology is an area of psychology that focuses on applying psychology to a correctional setting. According to researcher Michael Decaire, "The correctional psychologist's primary mission is to assist in offender rehabilitation and reintegration."〔http://www.uplink.com.au/lawlibrary/Documents/Docs/Doc93.html〕
Other duties include promoting a healthy institutional environment to improve staff and inmate safety,〔Hawk, K. M. (1997). Personal reflections on a career in correctional psychology. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 28(4), 335-337〕 delivering direct psychological services to inmates, conducting evaluations of the prison population, contributing to inmate management, and providing release evaluation and recommendations. While correctional has become a highly popular sub-discipline of psychology, it is also riddled with unique ethical dilemmas and conflicts.〔Van Voorhis, P. & Spencer, K. (1999). When programs "don’t work" with everyone: Planning for differences among correctional clients. Corrections Today, 2, 38-42〕 Unfortunately, many of the ethical dilemmas within correctional psychology appear to be far from successful resolution. There is virtually no recent academic literature concerning the ethical problems in corrections, and even fewer recommendations on how one should proceed when faced with such problems (Weinberger & Sreenivasan, 1994). The ethical guidelines that govern psychological practice are equally unhelpful.〔American Psychological Association (1992). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. Washington, DC: Author〕〔Canadian Psychological Association (1991). The Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists.()〕
==Challenges ==
While psychologist in and out of prison face many similar issues, the prison environment often adds special challenges.
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